Semantic monitoring of the daily living context
Ubiquitous robots play a significant role in fostering traditional ambient and assisted living. For instance, companion robots can accurately and closely monitor humans daily activities and wellbeing thanks to their ability of autonomously moving, sensing the environment, recognizing and tracking features of interest, making different sorts of reasoning tasks and triggering context aware reactive actions. In this scenario we demonstrate the feasibility of a cognitive component for context aware monitoring based on ontologies and inference rules according to the close world assumption reasoning. Context awareness can be defined as the capacity of a cognitive entity to measure, detect and infer a set of contextual features that are identifiable in time and space. Let us consider the case where Nathan, who have a kind of hypotension issues, goes directly to the gymnasium Kitchen after finishing his football game, to drink some water. Sort time after opening the tap and drinking a glass of water, he suddenly fall down shortly. Current monitoring system do/cannot detect such event when they happen and usually persons do not trigger alarms. The robot, which is able to make semantic correlations and production inferences, can move and recognize the context and decide to trigger an alarm in the case of real emergency. In this scenario we show how the design of inference rules is made separately whiteout considering the effective description of the real world sensors and actuators. The reasoning core of the system can make autonomously the semantic mapping between the raw data sent by the wireless sensors and the ontology and inference rules is done under a Closed-World Assumption (CWA), which means that all statements that have not been mentioned explicitly to be true are necessarily false. In contrast the OWL based reasoning that uses an Open-World Assumption (OWA), when the reasoner is asked on the truth value of a missing information it does not provide any response and the query/rule is simply ignored.
References:
L. Sabri, S. Bouznad, S. Fiorini, A. Chibani, E. Prestes, and Y. Amirat, "An integrated semantic framework for designing context-aware Internet of Robotic Things systems," Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering, IOS Press, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 137-156, 2018.
S. Bouznad, A. Chibani, Y. Amirat, L. Sabri, E. Prestes, F. Sebbak, and S. Fiorini, "Context-Aware Monitoring Agents for Ambient Assisted Living Applications," in Proc. Of the 13th European Conference on Ambient Intelligence, AmI 2017, Malaga, Spain, 2017, pp. 225-240.
A. Chibani, A. Bikakis, T. Patkos, Y. Amirat, S. Bouznad, N. Ayari, and L. Sabri, "Using Cognitive Ubiquitous Robots for Assisting Dependent People in Smart Spaces," in Intelligent Assistive Robots- Recent advances in assistive robotics for everyday activities, S. Mohammed and J. C. Moreno and K. Kong and Y. Amirat Eds, Springer Tracts on Advanced Robotics (STAR) series, 2015, pp. 297-316.
L. Sabri, A. Chibani, Y. Amirat, G. P. Zarri, and P. Gatellier, "Semantic framework for context-aware monitoring of AAL ecosystems," in Ambient Assisted Living, N. M. Garcia and J. Rodrigues and D. C. Elias and M. S. Dias and Eds. Eds, Taylor and Francis / CRC Press, 2015, pp. 573-602.